Long March rockets
After the destruction of the U.S. Space Shuttle Challenger in 1966, a growing commercial backlog has allowed China to enter the international launch market.
Chinese opening in the United States is banned
The US State Department has not approved any satellite export licenses to China since 1999. Finally in 2008 the European rocket Ariane 5 was launched.
On October 15, 2003, the Long March 2F rocket successfully launched the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft, taking China's first astronaut into space. China became the third country after the Soviet Union / Russia and the United States with independent human spaceflight capabilities.
Model Status Stages Length
(m) Max. diameter
(m) Lift-off mass
(t) Lift-off thrust
(kN) Payload
(LEO, kg) Payload (SSO, kg) Payload
(GTO, kg)
Long March 1
Retired 3 29.86 2.25 81.6 1020 300 - -
Long March 1D
Retired 3 28.22 2.25 81.1 1101.2 930 - -
Long March 2A
Retired 2 31.17 3.35 190 2,786 1,800 - -
Long March 2C
Active 2 43.72 3.35 245 2,961.6 4,000 2,100 1,250
Long March 2D
Active 2 41.056
(without shield) 3.35 249.6 2,961.6 3,500 1,300 -
Long March 2E
Retired 2 (plus 4)
Strap-on boosters) 49.686 3.35 464 5,923.2 9,500 4,350 3,500
Long March 2F
Active 2 (plus 4)
Strap-on boosters) 58.34 3.35 493 6512 8,800 - -
Long March 3
Retired 3 44.9 3.35 205 2,961.6 5,000 - 1,600
Long March 3A
Active 3 52.52 3.35 242 2,961.6 6,000 5,100 2,600
Long March 3B
Retired 3 (plus 4)
Strap-on boosters) 54.838 3.35 425.8 5,923.2 11,200 6,850 5,100
Long March 3B / E
Active 3 (plus 4)
Strap-on boosters) 56.326 3.35 458.97 5923.2 11,500 7,100 5,500
Long March 3C
Active 3 (plus 2)
Strap-on boosters) 55.638 3.35 345 4,442.4 9,100 6,450 3,900
Long March 4A
Retired 3 41.9 3.35 241.1 2,961.6 3,800 1,600 -
Long March 4B
Long March 5
Active 2 (plus 4)
Strap-on boosters
with optional
upper stage
57 5 867 10620 25,000 - 14,400
Long March 5B
Active 1 (plus 4)
Long March 6 [15] [16]
Active 3 29 3.35 1200 1500 500 - -
Long March 6A
In development 2 (plus 4)
Strap-on boosters) 50 3.35 530? ? 4,000 -
Long March 7
Active 2 (plus 4)
Strap-on boosters) 53 3.35 597 7,200 14,000 5,500 - [citation needed]
Long March 7A
Active 3 (plus 4)
Strap-on boosters) 60.13 3.35 573 7,200? ? 7,800
Long March 8
Active 2 (plus 2)
Strap-on boosters) 50.3 3.35 356.6 4,800 7,600 4,500 2,500
Long March 9
In development 3 (plus 0-4 Strap-on boosters) 93-110 [17]
10 [18]
3,997 57,600 140,000 - -
Long March 11
Active 4 solid 20.8 ~ 2 58? 700 350 -
Long March 1
Development began in January 1965, with the issuance of design work. The second long March 1 flight was launched on April 24, 1970 by Dong Fang Hong 1, China's first satellite - Wang Jiji was the chief designer of the rocket.
Long March 1D
It was only used to test drive vehicles. It flew three suburban missions from Taiwan LC-1 with two successes and a failure in the final mission.
Long March 2A
It was launched from Launch Zone 2B at the Jukan Satellite Launch Center. It was a 2-stage rocket and flew 4 times. On the first flight on November 5, 1974, a cable connecting the pitch rate control gyroscope to the guiding system became disconnected, resulting in loss of control and launch failure.
Long March 2C
Long March 2C was first introduced on September 9, 1988. It is a two-stage launch vehicle with a stage stapler, featuring nitrogen tetroxide and unsymmetrical dime halohydrin.
Long March 2D
Long March 2E
Long made its maiden flight on March 2nd and July 16th, 1990 and launched a total of 7 launches. All failures occurred due to excessive vibration.
Long March 2F
Long March 2F made its maiden voyage on November 19, 1999 in the Shenzhou 1 spacecraft.
On October 15, 2003, a Long March 2F launched the Shenzhou 5, China's first human spaceflight. Since then, it has launched Shenhu, Shenhu, Shenhu 9, Shenhu 10 and Shenhu 11 missions into orbit.
Long March 3
All of these were launched from Launch Zone 3 at the Jichang Satellite Launch Center.
On January 29, 1984, an LM-3 rocket failed during launch. The satellite failed 4 times in the third phase after the GTO insertion was restarted due to incorrect mixing ratio in the engine gas generator,
Long March 3A
On Long March 3 it is a 3-stage rocket and is usually used to place communication satellites in geosynchronous transfer orbits and satellites on Bidau.
Long March 3B
It was first launched in 2006
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